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U.S. Porest Service 
ThQ National Purest Manual. 
Instruct i una relating to For- 
est Products, 19i;5 






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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 

FOREST SERVICE. 

HENRY S. GRAVES, Forester. 



THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

mSTRUGTIONS RELATING TO 
FOREST PRODUCTS. 



ISSUED BY THE 

SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 

TO TAKE EFFECT 

MAY 1, 1913. 




WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 

1913. 



y. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRIGULT-yRE; 

FOREST SERVICE. 

HENRY S. GRAVES, Forester. 



THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO 
FOREST PRODUCTS. 



ISSUED BY THE 

SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 

TO TAKE EFFECT 

MAY 1, 1913. 




WASHINGTON: 

GOVKRNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 

1913, 



\ 



4> ^l^ 



Ov 



D. OF D, 

mi 9 5913 



CONTENTS. 



Pagp. 

Purpose and orgnnizntion of the Brancli of Forest Products 5 

P^'ield of work 5 

Organization 5 

Forest Products Laboratory 6 

National Forest utilization 7 

Industrial Investigations 9 

Stations ^ 10 

Executive officers 10 

Correlation l)etween different units 10 

District offices and Forest I'roducts Laboratory 11 

District offices and Industrial Investigations 12 

Industrial Investigations and Forest Products Laboratory 13 

Apportionment of costs 13 

Routine procedure 14 

Administrative control 14 

Correspondence 15 

Requests for information 15 

General correspondence 15 

Laboratory correspondence 15 

Industrial Investigations correspondence 15 

Station correspondence 16 

Monthly reports : 16 

Stations 16 

District offices 16 

Forest Products Laboratory 16 

Industrial Investigations 17 

Annual Reports 17 

Foi'est Products Laboratory 17 

Disti'ict offices 17 

Files 17 

General classification 17 

Filing schemes IS 

Matters of general routine 18 

Cooiteration with companies, organizations and individuals outside of the 

Forest Service 18 

Policy 18 

Policy in cooperation 18 

Commercial application and demonstration of experimental data_ 18 

Remuneration 19 

Procedure in cooperation 19 

Cooperative agreements 19 

Policy 20 

Investigation of patented or proprietary articles 20 

Publication of data affecting conunercial iutei'ests 21 

Confidential information 21 

Disposal of prints and designs 21 

Compilation of data from outside sources in Laboratory publications- 21 

Technical procedure 22 

Kinds of investigations 22 

Administrative investigations 22 

3 



4 CONTENTS. 

Technical procodnre— Continnetl. Page- 
Technical investigations 23 

Fnndamental principles 23 

Projects 23 

Incorporation in annual investigative program (Forest Service 

Order No. 41) 24 

Preliminary investigations 24 

Working plans 25 

Descri])tion of material 26 

Progress reports 27 

Inspection reports on durability tests 27 

Project reports 27 

General inspections 28 

By members of Forest Products Laboratory 28 

By members of Office of Industrial Investigations 28 

By members of district otfiees 28 

Publications 29 

Appendix 30 

Preliminary reports 30 

Woi'king plans 32 

Shipment descriptions 33 

Description of sami)les 35 

Form of cooperative agreement 36 

Station reports 39 



THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 



TTnitrd States Department of Agriculture, 

Forest Service, 
Washington, D. 6'., April 23,. 1013. 
The following- procedure and instructions relatino; to investigations 
in forest prod nets are hereby established and issned to take effect 
May 1, 1913. 

H. S. (traves. 
Approved : Forester. 

B, T. Galloway, Acting Secretary. 



PURPOSE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE BRANCH OE FOREST 

PRODUCTS. 

FIELD OF WORK. 
Purpose. 

The pnrjiose of this Branch of the Forest Service is to promote the 
most ]5rofitable and economical utilization of forest products. Its 
work consists of: 

Scope of work. 

(1) Statistical and industrial studies of the i:)roduction and use 
of wood. 

(2) Experimental determination of properties, methods of treat- 
ment, and special products obtainable from wood. 

(3) Application of ex]:)erimental data on an industrial scale to 
check i-esnlts and demonstrate their commercial value. 

(4) Promotion of better utilization of products of the National 
Forests. 

Preference to National Forest problems. 

The function of the Branch is l)oth to assist timber owners and 
manufacturers througliout the United States and to aid in the ad- 
ministration of the National Forests. Preference Avill be given, 
however, to investigations related directly to improA^ed utilization 
and current business on the National Forests. 

ORGANIZATION. 

Administrative head. 

The administrative direction of the activities of the Branch is 
vested in an Assistant Forester in Washington, D. C, designated by 
the Forester. 
Divisions. 

The work of the Branch falls into three divisions, each under the 
supervision of the assistant forester in charge: (1) National Forest 
Utilization; (2) the Forest Products Laboratory ; and (3) Industrial 
Investigations. 



6 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY. 
Purpose. 

The field of the Forest Products Laboratoiy is to conduct technical 
studies and exj^eriuients designed primarily to add to the existing 
knowledge of the properties and constituents of wood and to develop 
new processes or methods of utilization having economic value. It 
is also the function of the Laboratory to follow up technical experi- 
ments by the commercial application of their results, as far as may be 
practicable, on an industrial scale. In general no investigation will 
be considered complete until the ex])erimental results obtained at the 
Laboratory have been checked on a connnercial scale and their in- 
dustrial value demonstrated. 

Direction of technical work. 

The Laborat(n'v directs all of the strictly technical and scientific 
work of the Branch of Products Avithin its field and the methods of 
experimental investigation employed. As far as practicable, techni- 
cal investigations will l)e concentrated at the Laboratory. Where 
advisable to conduct such investigations elsewdiere, this will be done: 
(1) by an expert detailed from the Laboratory for the purpose and 
working under its immediate direction; or (2) by a local member of 
the Service WM)rking mider the direction of the executive officer of 
the unit concerned, but in accordance with plans approved by the 
Laboratory and such further supervision and inspection as the Direc- 
tor considers necessary. The supervision of Products experts in 
the National Forest districts by the Laboratory extends only to 
technical or scientific investigations conducted under the working 
]ilan procedure as defined on page 25, and is exercised through the 
district foresters. 

Organization. 

Tlie Forest Products Laboratory is located at Madison, Wis., under 
the immediate supervision of a Director who reports to the assistant 
forester in charge of the Branch. 

Administrative assistants. 

Such administrative assistants as are required will be designated 
by the director to assist him in supervising the w^ork of the Labora- 
tory and to perform special duties. 

Sections. 

The work of the Laboratory is divided into sections corresponding 
Avith the major lines of investigation and designated by the director 
with the apjjroval of the assistant forester. Each section is in charge 
of a section chief. 

Committees. 

The director of the Laboratory will designate from time to time 
such committees as he deems advisable to pass upon working plans 
for projects in particular lines of investigation. The aim will be to 
bring together in each committee the members of the Laboratory 
staff W'hose experience and capacity in the particular line of investi- 
gation or related investigations Avill make their scrutiny of a working 
plan of the greatest value in accomplishing the best results under a 
proposed project. Such committees will form a permanent feature of 
the organization of the Forest Products Laboratory, but their per- 
sonnel may be changed from time to time as the director sees fit. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 7 

Advisory board. 

There will be associated with the Laboratory an advisoiy board 
consisting of experts of the widest possible experience and national 
standing in the various lines of investigation conducted at the Labo- 
ratory and the requirements of the industries which such investiga- 
tions should benefit. Arrangements will be perfected as far as pos- 
sible for experts of this character to spend several weeks each year at 
the Laboratory going over the plans of work, the methods employed, 
and tlie results obtained in specific projects, and advising the direc- 
tor and members of his staif on any features of the work which can be 
improved. The members of the advisory board individually, will 
thus act as inspectors but not in any executive capacity. The director 
will act upon their recommendations in so far as advisable in his 
judgment. Recommendations of the members of the Board which 
in his judgment should not be put into ellect will be submitted to 
the assistant forester in charge of the Branch with a statement of 
his views thereon, for final decision. 

Field of work. 

Investigations are conducted at the Forest Products Laboratory 
and in cx)operation with persons engaged in various wood-using 
industries, and information disseminated by publication and other- 
wise along the following lines : 

(1) Mechanical properties of wood. 

(2) Physical characteristics and properties of wood. 

(3) Chemical characteristics and properties of wood. 

(4) Air seasoning and artificial drying of wood. 

(5) Agencies destrnctive to wood. 

(6) Wood preservation. 

(7) Wood distillation. 

(8) Production of naval stores. 

(9) Production of pulp and paper and other chemical prod- 

ucts of wood. 

NATIONAL FOREST UTILIZATION. 
Purpose. 

The function of experts employed in the National Forest districts 
is to assist and advise the district foresters on market and utiliza- 
tion problems involved in current National Forest business. Investi- 
gations conducted by such experts will be restricted largely to those 
having a direct bearing upon administrative problems. Scientific 
studies involving technical processes or experiments will ordinarily 
be undertaken only when necessary as part of an investigation 
required for administrative purposes. Other technical investigations 
may be undertaken in exceptional cases to assist the Forest Products 
Laboratory or the Office of Industrial Investigations in their respec- 
tive fields of work. 
Utilization of National Forest timber. 

It will be the duty of experts assigned to districts to investigate 
as completely as possible all utilization and market problems arising 
in the administration of National Forests. Such work should be 
conducted in cooperation with reconnaissaince parties obtaining data 
on stand, species, and topography, with the district engineers in secur- 



8 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL, 

ing data on water supply and available power, and with any other 
officer or unit of organization in the district whose work bears on 
the particular investigation in hand. The aim of such investigations 
will be: (1) to compile all published or manuscript data obtainable 
bearing on the problem ; (2) to secure all necessary infonnation on the 
physical conditions involved, as stand, species and quality of timber, 
available water power, distance from shipping points, freight rates 
to most accessible markets, and the like; and (3) to indicate what 
special studies of a technical or experimental nature, if any, should 
be undertaken to complete the study. Such a preliminary investiga- 
tion will be embodied in a report on which direct action can be taken 
by the district forester or assignments for further investigation made 
by the assistant forester in charge of the Branch. 

Organization. 

Products experts in the several districts are under the direction of 
and directly responsible to the district foresters. Their relationship 
to the district forester is the same as that of other members of the 
district office staff. The district forester is responsible for the assign- 
ment of such experts to the problems which they .should study and for 
the supervision of their work. Their duties should be correlated with 
those of the district office of Silviculture, and where advisable such 
experts may, with the approval of the assistant forester in charge 
of Forest Products, be placed under the administrative direction of 
the chief of Silviculture. Their work will be under the supervision 
of the assistant forester in charge of the Branch, through the district 
forester, in the same manner as that of district officers assigned to 
Silviculture or Grazing. 

Field of work. 

The field of Products experts assigiied to National Forest districts 
embraces all investigations and problems connected with the use and 
marketing of National Forest timber, the construction of improve- 
ments on the Forests, and related administrative questions. The fol- 
lowing are included : 

(1) Studies of existing industries, covering methods and costs of 
manufacture, grades or oiTher specifications of manufactured products, 
and prices obtained for manufactured products. The collection of 
market prices, mill scale studies to determine grades and overrun, 
and investigations of kiln-drying methods come under this heading. 

(2) Waste in existing industries and closer utilization possible 
through improved methods. 

(3) New uses for National Forest species through wood preser- 
vation. 

(4) Introduction of industries which will result in closer or more 
profitable utilization, as the manufacture of pulp and paper, wood 
distillation, turpentining, and the manufacture of secondary wood 
products. 

(5) Market jirejudices against particular species or classes of ma- 
terial and means of overcoming them through special studies or 
publicity. 

(6) General questions of timber supply and demand, markets, and 
freight rates, which the district forester deems it advisable to study. 

(7) Advice and assistance in the construction of National Forest 
improvements, particularly in the use of wood preservatives. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 9 

(8) Advice and assistance to persons in the respective districts, 
outside of the Forest Service, on any of the foregoing or rehited 
questions. 

(9) Preparation of joublications on any subjects covered by the 
foregoing investigations which haA'e i^ractical or scientific vahie. 

(10) Demonstrations of methods or processes developed by the 
Forest Service for tlie benefit of local industries. 

Duties of forest supervisors. 

To make Products work in the National Forest districts of the 
greatest value it is essential that supervisors bring to the attention 
of the district foresters any problems bearing on the foregoing or 
related subjects which exist on their Forests. The presence of large 
quantities of unmarketable species, of dead timber, or of material 
not used in current sales should be reported. Local ]:)roblems in 
manufacture and marketing like sap stain, difficulties in kiln drying, 
market prejudices against usable material, and the etl'ect of given 
silvicultural methods upon the average grades of lumber manufac- 
tured should be taken up with the Products experts at the district 
office. SujDervisors are expected to cooperate in studies along any of 
these lines and in more general investigations, such as local supply 
and demand for stumpage, which the district forester orders. 

Preservative treatment of material used in improvements. 

Forest supervisors should also bring to the attention of the district 
foresters their needs for assistance in applying preservative treat- 
ment to telejjhone poles, posts, and other material used in the con- 
struction of National Forest improvements. Important projects re- 
quiring such timbers should be discussed in advance with the Products 
expert in order that })lans for i)reservative treatment may be thor- 
oughly considered and applied if found advisable. In the discretion 
of the district forester, small treating plants may be constructed and 
operated on or near National Forests where of value to the Forests 
and the community. The object of such plants will be to facilitate 
National Forest improvements and to educate the people in the use 
of preservatives. Eecommendations for their establishment should 
be made by supervisors when advisable in their judgment. 

INDUSTRIAL INVESTIGATIONS. 
Purpose. 

The function of the Office of Industrial Investigations is to conduct 
statistical and industrial studies of uses of wood in the United States. 
The aim of these investigations is to determine the methods and 
conditions under which wood is now used, the marketable products 
obtained from it, tendencies in methods of manufacture, and im- 
proved methods possible particularly in the utilization of waste. 
When practicable such investigations will he followed by the com- 
mercial application of their results. This unit also directs all sta- 
tistical investigations of the production and use of forest products 
conducted by the Forest Service and standardizes the methods em- 
ployed. 

Organization. 

Industrial Investigations is an office in the Branch of Products, 
under an executive officer at Washington, D. C., designated '' Chief 

92590°— 1.3 2 



10 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

of Industrial Investigations," who reports directly to the assistant 
forester in charge of the Branch, 

Field of work. 

The work of Industrial Investigations includes the following: 

(1) Collection and compilation of statistics, in cooperation with the 
Bureau of the Census and other agencies, on tlie production and con- 
sumption of forest products, prevailing market and stumpage prices, 
imports and exports, and transportation rates. 

(2) The compilation and study of specifications of rough and 
manufactured forest products. 

(3) Studies of lumber manufacture and w^ood-using industries as 
to methods, forms of material, waste, costs, equipment, substitution 
of one species for another, and improvements through more con- 
servative use of raw material. 

(4) Studies of special problems or features of wood-using in- 
dustries. 

(5) Advice and assistance through cooperative agreements and 
otherwise to States, industries, and individuals concerned with such 
lines of work. 

(6) The dissemination of results by publications. 

Duties on eastern Forests. 

The Office of Industrial Investigations will also assist on market 
and utilization problems arising in the administration of National 
Forests acquired in the Eastern States and conduct such special in- 
vestigations as may be required for this purpose. Its duties in this 
respect are analogous to those of Products experts in the National 
Forest districts. 

STATIONS. 

For convenience, places other than the headquarters of the various 
units of the Branch where work is to be conducted for a considerable 
period will be designated as " stations." Each station will be in 
charge of a station chief, who will be directly responsible to the 
executive officer of the unit to which the station reports. Stations of 
a permanent character will be established only with the approval of 
the Forester. Temporary stations may, however, be established 
whenever it is deemed expedient to do so by the proper executive 
officer. 

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. 

The term '' executive officer " as used in this manual means either : 
(1) a district forester; (2) the director of the Forest Products 
Laboratory; or (3) the chief of Industrial Investigations. 

CORRELATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT UNITS. 

Close correlation between the various units comprising the Branch 
of Products is essential to the e fleet iveness of the work of the Branch 
as a whole. The following summarizes the more important features 
of such correlation. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 11 

DISTRICT OFFICES AND FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY. 

Administrative investigations. 

Investigations for administrative purposes will be initiated and 
directed by the district foresters. The staff of the Forest Products 
Laboratory will assist in such investig-ations which come within its 
field by furnishing outlines of the information to be obtained and by 
personal conference with the district foresters and members of their 
offices, but will have no supervisory relationship to this work. 

Technical investigations. 

Technical investigations in the several districts, forming part of 
the annual program, will be conducted in accordance with working 
plans approved by the director of the Laboratory, Avhen within its 
province. Their results will be reviewed by the Laboratory staff 
before publication. As far as practicable such investigations will be 
concentrated at the Laboratory itself, but where conducted in the 
districts will be under the supervision of the Laboratory staff' as 
defined on page G. 

Special assignments of Laboratory staff. 

Members of the Laboratory will not be assigned to special investi- 
gations in any of the districts until the ground has been covered as 
fully as practicable in a preliminary study l)y the Products expert in 
the district. The results of this study will be embodied in a prelimi- 
nary report which should indicate specifically what further investiga- 
tions requiring specialists from the Forest Products Laboratory 
should be undertaken. Requests for the assignment of experts from 
the Laboratory for such investigations in the districts will be submit- 
ted to the assistant fores-ter in charge of the Branch, with a copy of 
the preliminary report showing the specific problems to be solved. 
At the same time a copy of the report and of the letter requesting the 
special assignment will be sent to the director of the Laboratory who 
will immediately submit his recommendations and suggestions in 
the matter to the assistant forester. The latter Avill then decide 
whether the assignment requested should be made and send necessary 
instructions to the director of the Laboratory. 

Tests of field material. 

Material will be submitted to the Forest Products Laboratory by 
district foresters for special tests, and other experiments requested 
whenever necessary for administrative purposes and i^articularly for 
the better utilization of National Forest timber. When such tests or 
experiments are not of immediate urgency, a request should be sub- 
mitted to the director of the Laboratory for the incorporation of the 
investigations proposed in the next annual program, unless the 
director finds it practicable to include the tests in current investi- 
gative projects. If the work desired by a district forester, how- 
ever, is of immediate urgency, the request will be submitted directly 
to the assistant forester in charge of the Branch, a copy being sent 
simultaneously to the director of the Forest Products Laboratory. 
The director will immediately submit to the assistant forester his 
recommendations and suggestions in the matter. The latter will 
then decide whether the work proposed should be given preference 



12 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

over the established j^rooram of investigations at the Laboratory, and 
instruct the director and the district forester accordingly. The ap- 
proved program of investigative work will not be disturbed to make 
tests or conduct other studies proposed by district foresters which 
are not of direct and immediate importance in the administration 
of the National Forests. Urgent work of this character from the 
Forests will, however, with the approval of the Forester, be given 
precedence over the established program of the Laboratory. Mate- 
rial should not be shipped to the Laboratory until the tests desired 
have been approved by the director or assistant forester. 

Current information and advice. 

The foregoing should not be understood as limiting the fullest 
possible cooperation between the Forest Products Laboratory and 
the district foresters, in securing currently information on specific 
problems, advice, or suggestions on methods of attacking new prob- 
lems. 

Conferences. 

To keep the Laboratory staff in touch with problems arising in 
the districts and to enable it to cooperate most effectively along the 
lines indicated, the director Avill visit the National Forest districts 
from time to time for conferences on the ground. Products experts 
assigned to districts will similarly be kept in touch with the work of 
the Laboratory by occasional details. The interchange of monthly 
and annual reports will furnish an additional medium for keeping 
the Laboratory and district officers nuitually informed of the work 
of other units. 

DISTRICT OFFICES AND INDUSTRIAL INVESTIGATIONS. 

Working plans for industrial studies. 

Working plans for statistical studies and studies dealing with 
industries or species in their entirety will be approved by the Chief 
of Industrial Investigations. The results of such studies will be re- 
viewed by him prior to publication. Any problems arising on 
National Forests Avhose solution will be facilitated by special studies 
in the east in the field of Industrial Investigations or the assignment 
of experts to the districts will be submitted to the assistant forester 
with a request for the data or other special assistance desired. The 
assistant forester will arrange for the investigation required as soon 
as practicable. 

Tests of material. 

Material will be submitted to the Office of Industrial Investigations 
by district foresters for tests by manufacturers of special products 
outside of the district, when advisable and practicable, in accordance 
with plans made in advance with the chief of that office. 

Conferences. 

The chief of Industrial Investigations will visit the National 
Forest districts from time to time for conference, in order to corre- 
late the work of his office with that of the districts as effectively as 
possible. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 13 

INDUSTRIAL INVESTIGATIONS AND FOREST PRODUCTS LABORA- 
TORY. 

Current information. 

It is essential that the Forest Products Laboratory be kept cur- 
rently in touch with the work done and results obtained by Indus- 
trial Investigations because of the close bearing of such data upon the 
studies conducted at the Laboratory. The director of the Labora- 
tory will designate certain of his assistants from time to time who will 
be responsible for the review and comiDilation of all data obtained on 
uses of wood. The chief of Industrial Investigations will send to 
the Laboratory for review by such designated members of the staff 
copies of progress reports and other current material of value to the 
Laboratory. 

Review of working- plans. 

'Working plans for new projects proposed by Industrial Investiga- 
tions will be sent to the Laboratory for review and suggestions be- 
fore the work is begim; and all manuscripts on industries, species, 
and other subjects will be sent to the Laboratory for review prior to 
their publication. 

Working plans for new projects proposed at the Laboratory will 
be submitted to Industrial Investigations for review and suggestions, 
when in the judgment of the director the work proposed has an im- 
portant bearing on the field of the latter unit. Manuscripts having 
a similar bearing will be sent to Industrial Investigations for review 
prior to publication. 

Special Laboratory tests. 

The procedure outlined on page 11 for tests at the Laboratory of 
material sent from the districts w^ill apply to tests and other si")ecial 
experiments required by Industrial Investigations in the prosecution 
of its studies. 

APPORTIONMENT OF COSTS. 

Testing material. 

The cost of i^rocuring and shipping testing material will be borne 
by the unit at whose instance the investigation was undertaken; by 
the Forest Products Laboratory when the material is required in con- 
nection with a Laboratory project ; by Industrial Investigations when 
the material is required for projects assigned to that office; and by 
a National Forest district when the tests are to be made as part of a 
technical or administrative investigation in the district. 

Details. 

The cost of details of experts from the Forest Products Laboratory 
or Office of Industrial Investigations for assignments or conferences 
in the district will be borne by the unit furnishing the expert, except 
as other arrangements are made in special cases by the assistant 
forester. 



14 THE NATIONAL FOEEST MANUAL. 

ROUTINE PROCEDITRE. 

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL. 

Action by Assistant Forester. 

Action will be taken by the assistant forester in charge of the 
Branch on the following matters: 

1. Allotments: 

(1) Annual allotment and appropriation estimates from each 

unit, prior to submission to the Forester. 

(2) Changes in suballotments atfecting units of the Branch 

or major lines of work, but not changes affecting indi- 
vidual projects or investigations. 

2. Plans of work: 

(1) Annual investigative program from each unit of the 

Branch, prior to submission to the Central Investigative 
Committee. 

(2) New investigative projects of a technical character pro- 

posed by any unit of the Branch during the year. Such 
])rojects will be held for the next meeting of the Central 
Investigative Committee or submitted to the Forester 
for immediate approval, as their importance and ur- 
gency may require. 

(3) Substitution of urgent work from the field for listed in- 

vestigative i^rojects at the Forest Products Laboratory. 

3. Personnel: 

(1) Appointments, separations, promotions and disciplinary 

action, in the case of employees taken from civil service 
registers. 

(2) Proposed increases and decreases in the force employed 

by any unit of the Branch, including nontechnical help, 
for periods of G months or more. 

(3) Assignments and transfers aifecting units or major lines 

of work, not individual projects. 

(4) Details of experts from the Forest Products Laboratory 

or Office of Industrial Investigations for special work 
in the six w^estern districts. 

4. Reports: 

Monthly and annual reports from all units of the Branch; 
special reports as requested. 

5. Manuscripts of publications, prior to submission to the Editor. 

C). Cooperative agreements involving an expenditure of over $500 
annually for the salary or expenses of members of the Service. 

7. Questions of policy, changes in the Manual and other special 
matters. 

Action by Branch units, 

.Vction in all other matters will be taken by the executive officer 
in charge of the unit concerned, subject to the instructions contained 
in this Manual and to the instructions on Forest Service procedure 
given in the Manual on General Administration. The executive 
officers in charge of the Forest Products Laboratory, the Office of 
Industrial Investigations, and the respective districts will correspond 
directly with each other except when final action, of the character 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 15 

indicated above, requires the approval of the assistant forester in 
charge of the Branch. 

CORRESPONDENCE. 

REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION. 

Where referred. 

Requests for information will be referred to the unit best equipped 
to furnish it, namely': (1) The Forest Products Laboratory, for data 
on wood properties, timber tests, preservative treatment, seasoning:, 
pulp and paper manufacture and distillation; {'2) Industrial Inves- 
tigations, for data on statistics of production and on wood-using in- 
dustries; (3) the district offices, for data on local experiments and 
local utilization or market questions. 
Procedure. 

Requests for information will be acknowledged by the receiving 
office, by postal card or letter, and transmitted immediately to the 
proper unit of the Branch for action. 

GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE. 

Within districts. 

Requests for information and other correspondence within a Na- 
tional Forest district will as far as practicable be conducted through 
the district office. Exceptions to this rule in the collection of sta- 
tistics or other general data will be made only with the approval 
of the assistant forester in charge of the Branch. 

Outside of districts. 

Otherwise each unit of the Branch w^ill correspond on matters per- 
taining to its field of work directly with persons or firms throughout 
the United States and in foreign countries, subject to the procedure 
defined in the Manual on General Administration. 

Carbons for other units. 

Copies of correspondence bearing upon the work of another unit 
will in all cases be sent to such unit for its information. Carbons of 
letters from the Forest Products Laboratory or Office of Industrial 
Investigations to members of these units on detail in National Forest 
districts, which pertain to the work of the district, will be sent to 
the district office. 

LABORATORY CORRESPONDENCE. 

The correspondence of the Forest Products Laboratory will be 
signed by the director. Members of the Laboratory staff other than 
the acting director may be authorized by the director to sign certain 
classes of correspondence when advisable in his judgment. 

INDUSTRIAL INVESTIGATIONS CORRESPONDENCE. 

Correspondence originating with the Office of Industrial Investiga- 
tions will be signed by the chief. Members of the office may be 
authorized by the chief to sign certain classes of correspondence 
when advisable in his judgment. 



16 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

STATION CORRESPONDENCE. 

With, outside parties. 

Men in charge of stations may correspond directly with outside 
parties on the work of their stations. Copies of such correspondence, 
except that on purely routine matters, will be forwarded to the ex- 
ecutive officer to whom the station reports. 

Copies of Service correspondence. 

Copies of correspondence relating to the work of the station, 
originating with the assistant forester or executive officer in charge, 
Avill be forwarded promptly to the station. When such correspond- 
ence originates with the assistant forester, copies for the station 
will be sent through the executive officer in charge with additional 
carbons for his files. 

MONTHLY RKPORTS. 

STATIONS. 

Not later than the 5th day of each month the officer in charge of 
each station will submit to the executive officer to Avhom he is re- 
spons-ible a report on the work of the previous month. This report 
Avill contain a discussion of the jjrogress on all projects assigned to 
the station, a statistical statement, a financial statement and any 
general conunents necessary. The forms to be followed in such 
statements are shown on i)ages 39 and 40 of the Appendix. 

DISTRICT OFFICES. 

A section dealing with Forest Products will form a part of the 
regular monthly report from each district forester to the Forester. 
This section will include a dis(nission of the progress on all tech- 
nical projects, listed by title and number, a statement of the general 
or administrative investigations under w^ay or proposed, and such 
conmients and reconunendations on the work and personnel as are 
needed. Copies of the complete monthly report from each district 
will be sent to the Forest Products Laboratory. 

FOREST FRUDITCTS LABORATORY. 

Section reports. 

Each section of the Laboratory will submit to the director not 
later than the nth of each month a report on the work of the pre- 
vious month. This will include a statement of progress on all 
projects, a statistical statement, and any general comments neces- 
sary. The form for statistical statements is given on page 40 of 
the Appendix. 
Laboratory report. 

The re])orts from stations and sections will be summarized by the 
director for the monthly report of the Forest Products Laboratory. 
This report will be forAvarded to the assistant forester in charge of 
the Branch not later than the 15th of each month. Copies will be 
sent to all district offices. 



INSTKUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. l7 

INDUSTRIAL INVESTIGATIONS. 

The chief of Industrial Investigations will submit to the assistant 
forester in charge of the Branch not later than the 5th of each month 
a repoi't on the work of the previous month. This report will include 
a statement of progress on all projects and such general comments 
and recommendations as are necessary. Copies will be sent to the 
Forest Products Laboratory and to each district office. 

ANNUAL REPORTS. 

FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY. 

An annual report will be submitted to the assistant forester by the 
director of the Forest Products Laboratory not later than July 15 
of each year. This report will reviev; the work of the Laboratory 
during the past fiscal year, discussing particularly broad questions 
of organization, policy and lines of work rather than detailed inves- 
tigations, 

DISTRICT OFFICES. 

The work in Forest Products will be discussed in the nonstatistical 
annual report of each district forester. Copies of such reports will 
be sent to the Forest Products Laboratory. 

FILES. 

GENERAL CLASSIFICATION. 

The files of the Branch Avill cf)ntain records of four general classes J 
Test records. 

(1) Test rex'ords, including all experimental data not 3^et analyzed 
or put in final form. Such records will be filed at the Forest F'rod- 
ucts Laboratory in the section of computing. They will be classified 
b}'^ shipment and filed by project number as far as possible. 

Project records. 

(2) Keports, papers and corresi^ondence relating to specific proj- 
ects. This class includes all project records not coming under Class 
1, namely : Preliminary reports, cooperative agreements, working 
pLans, progress reports, inspection reports and project reports, to- 
gether with all correspondence related to them. Such records will be 
classified by projects and filed by project numbers. Shipment de- 
scriptions will be filed serially by shipment numbers. 

Classified information. 

(3) Information not secured in connection with a project. This 
includes all data not contained in Classes 1 and 2 and which can not 
be classified by project; information not forming an essential part 
of the jDroject records; and information secured in project investiga- 
tions, classified by subjects. This file should include a duplicate 
copy of final project reports and a classified index to the project file, 

92590°— 13 3 



18 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

Correspondence. 

(4) Correspondence of a supervisory character related to projects 
will be filed by project number. Correspondence containing impor- 
tant data not related to a particular project will be filed under Study 
numbers. Other correspondence will be filed alphabetically. 

FILING SCHEMES. 

Filing schemes conforming with the foregoing classification and 
with the general rules prescribed by the Forester will be employed 
b}^ the executive officer in charge of each unit of the Branch. The 
files of Industrial Investigations will include correspondence on all 
matters handled by the assistant forester in charge of the Branch 
except special records of a confidential character, which will be kept 
in his own office. 

MATTERS or GENERAL ROUTINE. 

The instructions contained in the Manual of General Administra- 
tion and Protection on matters of general routine, not covered speci- 
fically in this Manual, will govern members and units of the Branch 
of Forest Products. 

COOPERATION WITH COMPANIES, ORGANIZATIONS AND INDI- 
VIDUALS OUTSIDE OF THE FOREST SERVICE. 

POLICY. 

It is the policy of the Forest Service to secure to as large an extent 
as practicable the cooperation of the wood-using industries most 
directly concerned with the subjects or problems under investigation. 
The desirability of cooperation and its exact terms wall be determined 
in each specific case, in accordance with the following general policy 
and procedure: 

POLICY IN COOPERATION. 
COMMERCIAL APPLICATION AND DEMONSTRATION OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA. 

Check on commercial scale necessary. 

As a general rule, no investigation conducted by the Branch of 
products will be regarded as comi^lete until the results obtained ex- 
perimentally have been checked on a commercial scale and their in- 
dustrial application determined. This will ordinarily be accom- 
plished through cooperation with individuals or companies using 
wood and who are commercially interested in the possibilities of the 
processes or articles in question. 

Repeated cooperation covering same ground inadvisable. 

After experimental results have been satisfactorily checked on a 
commercial scale and their applicability to wood-using industries 
demonstrated, further cooperation covering the same ground will not 
be entered into. This course is essential to restrict the activities of 
the Branch to the determination of improved methods of using wood 
and to avoid the danger of becoming consulting experts for private 
interests. 



INSTEUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 19 

Cooperation in construction of commercial plants. 

The desi^i, construction and operation of commercial plants for 
wood preservation, distillation, kiln-drying, and similar work may be 
undertaken in exceptional cases, when a new process will be demon- 
strated and the plant used, at least in part, for experimental work 
from which the Service will derive needed information. If new in- 
formation will not be gained by the Service from the operation of 
such a plant, or new processes not yet commercially established are 
n.ot to be demonstrated, the cooperation should not be undertaken. 
The information of the Service on such plants, including designs and 
specifications, should, however, be made available to anyone inter- 
ested. The Service may also indicate the approximate cost of the 
construction and operation of such plants and submit suggestions on 
the plans and specifications if desired. Under such circumstances, 
however, applicants should be referred to consulting engineers, the 
Service furnishing only such general advice and assistance as can be 
given at slight cost. 

Inspection of plants or processes. 

The Service may on request examine the methods of individuals 
or companies in handling forest products and prepare plans for im- 
proving such methods, provided that the purpose is primarily to 
reduce waste and to obtain information of general value to the in- 
dustries concerned. If no new information will probably be obtained, 
such work should not be undertaken but the applicant referred to a 
consulting expert. 

REMUNERATION. 

Salary and expenses of Forest ofl&cers. 

In cases of active cooperation, there should be a remuneration to the 
Service equivalent to the total cost of the work done for the cooper- 
ator, including both the time and expense of the members of the 
Service detailed to the project. Such remuneration may be reduced 
by the extent to which the work is strictly experimental and of value 
chiefly to the Service rather than to the cooperator. When practi- 
cally all of the work proposed is investigative, the Service having 
little or no expert knowledge on the subject to begin with, and the 
results will be of value chiefly to the general public, the charge to the 
applicant may be made comparatively low or eliminated altogether. 
Furnisliing material. 

Whenever practicable, arrangements will be made with cooperators 
or others especially interested in the investigation to furnish all of 
the material necessary for the work. 

PROCEDURE IN COOPERATION". 

COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS. 

Written agreements covering cooperation. 

As far as practicable, cooperative projects will be covered by 
written agreements. Such agreements are required whenever co- 
operative investigations of a specific character are to be continued for 
a period of six months or longer ; or when the total expenditure of the 



20 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

Forest Service on the work proposed will exceed $100. Cooperative 
agreements should state clearly the work to be done and the terms for 
doing it agreed upon by the Service and the cooperator. They will 
bear the same title and number as the projects in connection with 
which the cooperation is entered into. The form and general terms 
of cooperative agreements, with a discussion of their use, are given on 
pages 36 to 39 of the Appendix. 

Preparation of agreements. 

The preparation of a cooperative agreement will be authorized in 
each instance by the executive officer in charge of the unit of the 
Branch in question. In no case will any subordinate member of the 
organization ol)]igate the Service to undertake cooperation without 
the specific approval in advance of the executive officer to whom he is 
responsible. 

Approval of agreements. 

Cooperative agreements with individuals, companies or corpora- 
tions involving the expenditure of not more than $500 annually in 
the time and expenses of members of the Service, whether from 
Service funds or from funds to be deposited by the cooperator, will 
be approved by the executive officer in charge of the unit of the 
Branch concerned. Agreements with individuals or companies in- 
volving an annual expenditure of more than $500 and agreements with 
other bureaus of the Federal Government will be approved by the 
Forester. Agreements with States and with other departments of 
the Federal Government will be aj^proved by the Secretary of Agri- 
culture. 
Summary of procedure. 

The procedure in cooperative agreements is as follows: 

(1) Agreement authorized by executive officer in charge of the 
unit. 

(2) Agreement prepared by member of the Service conducting the 
jn'oject and executed b}^ the cooperator. 

(3) Agreement approved by executive officer in charge of the unit, 
if within his authority; otherwise initialed by him and submitted to 
the Assistant Forester, who will initial the agreement if it meets with 
his approval and submit it to the Forester. 

(4) Copies of approved agreement filed: (a) With cooperator; 
(^>) at the office in charge of the project; (c) at the Washington 
office in the case of agreements approved by the Forester or Secretary. 

POLICY. 

The following discussion of questions of policy are for the guid- 
ance of members of the Branch of Products in dealing with specific 
cases : 

INVESTIGATION OF PATENTED OR PROPRIETAIIY ARTICLES. 

Undertaken only when of general value. 

Investigations of patented or proprietary articles, materials or 
processes will be undertaken only when the data sought are needed 
by the Service or will be of general public benefit. Such investiga- 
tions will not be undertaken solely for the information or benefit of 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 21 

the individual or company interested. If such studies are under- 
taken, it is immaterial whether the company or individual is a co- 
operator in the work. The essential thing- is that the Service obtain 
the best conditions for a successful investigation. In no case will a 
charge be made by the Service for such Avork but the individual or 
company interested may furnish without charge materials or facili- 
ties for the investigation. 

PUBLICATION OF DATA AFFECTING COMMERCIAL INTERESTS. 

The Forest Service will not hesitate to publish the results of scien- 
tific investigations, when conclusively established, regardless of the 
effect of such publication, either beneficial or detrimental, upon com 
mercial interests engaged in exploiting the articles or processes in- 
vestigated. It is, however, essential that such publications be re- 
stricted to data which have been scientifically determined beyond 
possibility of error. This will ordinarily require publishing infor- 
mation only which has been obtained by the Forest Service itself. 
Information from other sources should be included in publications 
affecting existing commercial interests only Avhen its authenticity is 
as certain as if it had been obtained by the Forest Service in the first 
instance. 
Use of proprietary names. 

The names of patented or proprietary processes and articles may be 
used in such publications, preceded by a qualifying phrase such as 
" Preservatives sold as." No statement other than a mere presenta- 
tion of the facts should be published which could be construed as an 
endorsement by the Forest Service of any commercial article or 
process. 

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION. 

Members of the Forest Service may and should receive confidential 
information. Assurance may be given that such information will 
not be used in any way which would make ])ublic the operations of an 
individual plant or the details of the business of any siDecific opera- 
tor. No guarantee to this effect, however, can be given other than 
the good faith and honesty of the officer who receiAes the infoiination. 

DISPOSAL OF PRINTS AND DESIGNS. 

Photographic prints, blue prints, sketches and designs may be sold 
at cost with 10 per cent additional (act of March 4, 1907), with the 
approval of the Forester; or given without charge to cooperators 
and in other cases where valuable educational results will be obtained. 
See Manual on General Administration and Protection, page 57. 

COMPILATION OF DATA FROM OUTSIDE SOURCES IN LABORATORY 

PUBLICATIONS. 

The greater part of the material prepared for publication at the 
Forest Products Laboratory will be original data experimentally 
established at the Laboratory itself. Publications of such data, how- 
ever, should include references to similar or related data obtained 
elsewhere as far as necessary to make the publication of the maximum 
value to those interested in the subject with which the publication 



22 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

deals. The reference to such outside data may be restricted to a brief 
summary and biblioojraphy^ or discussed in as much detail as the 
specific publication requires. Outside data must be used with great 
caution in publications affecting existing commercial interests and 
limited only to such as have been established with absolute certainty. 
Subject to this limitation, it will be the policy of the Laboratory to 
include such other material in addition to that obtained by its own 
staff as will make its publications of the gi'eatest value to the readers. 
The same policy will be followed in the preparation of publications 
by other units of the Branch. 

TECHNICAL PROCEDURE. 

KINDS OF INVESTIGATIONS. 

Investigations relating to Forest Products will be classed as admin- 
istrative investigations and technical investigations. Administrative 
investigations are midertaken primarily to assist the administration 
of the National Forests. They seek specific information for local ad- 
ministrative needs. They do not require technical experiments or 
processes. They consist usually in the study of existing industries or 
methods and compilation of existing data. Technical investigations, 
Avhile often undertaken to secure inforaiation needed in the admin- 
istration of National F'orests, require, as a rule, technical processes or 
experiments. They aim to develop new scientific principles or facts 
of broad application, or to assemble data for publication. 

ADMINISTRATIVE INVESTIGATIONS. 

Under control of district foresters. 

Administrative investigations may be undertaken by district for- 
esters whenever necessary in their judgment and conducted under 
their instructions in the manner best calculated to accomplish the 
objects sought. As far as practicable, such investigations should 
be included in the annual program submitted to the Central Investi- 
gative Committee, to keep the central committee and the Forester 
informed of proposed work and afford opportunity for criticism and 
suggestion. Administrative investigations should be conducted as 
far as practicable in accordance with the principles defined below 
which govern technical investigations. They will not, however, be 
subject to the technical procedure outlined hereafter. They will be 
listed by the central committee separately from the technical investi- 
gations. Furthermore, the district foresters will not be restricted by 
such lists but may initiate additional investigations of this char- 
acter at any time during the year when need of them exists. 
Relation to technical investigations. 

When an investigation is undertaken for administrative purposes 
but involves technical processes or experiments, it will be classed as 
a technical investigation. Similarly, when an administrative investi- 
gation indicates the need of technical experiments, before all the data 
desired can be obtained, a technical investigative project shoidd be 
proposed by the district forester. Such projects will be subject to 
the following technical ])rocedure : 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 23 

TECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS. 
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES. 

■ In conducting: technical investi£2:ations it is necessary: 

(1) That the importance of the resuhs sought be carefully weighed 
in comparison with other work proposed by the various units of the 
Forest Service, and that the work be correlated as far as practicable 
with any other investigations in the same or related fields. 

(2) That the investigator have a clear conce lotion of the purpose 
and value of the investigation and of the methods to be followed in 
conducting it, and that the purpose and methods be made matters 
of record. 

(3) That the plan for conducting the investigation be perfected aS 
far as possible before work is begun. 

(4) That complete information on materials used be secured and 
recorded. 

(5) That standard methods and terms be used as far as possible to 
coordinate the work of the entire Branch. 

(6) That frequent partial summaries and analyses of results be 
made so that plans or methods may be modified as found necessary 
before the work has proceeded too far. 

(7) That complete final summaries and analyses of results be em- 
bodied in a written report of permanent record. 

The following procedure is established to meet these requirements : 

PROJECTTS. 

The project is the unit for conducting technical investigations. It 
may consist of a series of tests or experiments conducted: 

(1) For experimental research to develop new facts. 

(2) For verification of experimental results on a commercial scale, 

(3) For cooperation with outside parties in the application of 
scientific principles and processes developed by research in order to 
demonstrate their commercial value. 

(4) For the collection of statistics and information pertaining 
to wood-using industries, w^aste, substitutes, etc., of a specialized and 
intensive character. 

Projects may be conducted independently or in cooperation with 
individuals, states, or commercial organizations. 
Designation of projects. 

Every project will be assigned a number by the director of the 
Forest Products Laboratory or the chief of Industrial Investiga- 
tions. As far as practicable, the project title and number will be as- 
signed when it is decided to imdertake the specific investigation. 
When a ]3reliminary investigation is necessary to determine the 
advisability of the project, a number will not be assigned until the 
preliminary report has been made and approved. 
Steps in projects. 

Projects, as a rule, involve the following steps, certain of which 
may be eliminated in specific cases: 

(1) Incorporation in annual investigative program. 

(2) Preliminary investigation. 



24 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

(3) Working plan. 

(4) Description of materials. 

(5) Progress reports. 
(()) Ins])ection reports. 

(7) Project report, which may or may not be published. 

Where cooperation with outside parties is involved, a written co- 
oj^erative agreement will ordinarily be prepared and executed, fol- 
lowing the preliminary investigation. 

JNCORPORATION IN ANNUAL INVESTIGATIVE PROGRAM ( FOREST SERVICE 

ORDER NO. 4l). 

Heview by offices and committees. 

Every proposed technical investigation will be submitted to the 
district investigative committee, if in a district; or to the members 
of the Service designated by the director of the Forest Products 
Laboratory or the chief of Industrial Investigations, as the case may 
be, to pass upon proposed investigations and make up an annual pro- 
gram for the unit of the Branch in question. The program of tech- 
nical investigations for each unit, after approval by the executive 
officer in charge, will be submitted directly to the assistant forester 
in charge of the Branch. The assistant forester, in consultation with 
the director of the Forest Products Laboratory and the chief of In- 
dustrial Investigations, will thereupon make up an investigative pro- 
gram for the Branch of Products for submission to the Central In- 
vestigative Committee. After the annual investigative program of 
the Forest Service has been approved by the central committee and 
the Forester, the assistant forester will instruct each of the executive 
officers in the Branch as to the projects assigned to his unit for the 
ensuing year. 

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS. 

Purpose. 

A preliminary investigation may be made to determine the ad- 
visability of a ]5roposed project or to secure information upon which 
to base a working plan. Reports on preliminary investigations are 
termed " Preliminary reports." Suggestive outlines for such reports 
are given on pages 30 to 32 of the Appendix. 
Summary of procedure. 

The procedure followed in preliminary investigations and reports 
is as follows: 

(1) Investigation ordered by the director of the Forest Prod- 
ucts Laboratory, the chief of Industrial Investigations, or a district 
forester. 

(2) Report prepared and signed by the member of the Service 
making the investigation. 

(3) Report approved and initialed by the executive officer author- 
izing the investigation. 

(4) Two copies of the report submitted to the director of the 
Forest Products Laboratory if the project is within the province of 
the Laboratory, or to the chief of Industrial Investigations if the 
project is within the field of that office. 

(5) One copy of the report returned by the director or chief with 
comments and a statement of action required. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 25 

WORKING PLANS. 
Importance. 

The success of a technical investigation is often determined by the 
care exercised in phmnino; the details of the work. Work under a 
project will not be^in until a jilan has been prepared by the member 
of the Service assigiied to the investigation and approved by the 
proper officers. If a detailed plan can not be made at the outset, an 
outline describing the essential features of the investigation will be 
prepared and approved. Such outlines will be termed " Preliminary 
plans ". 

Scope. 

As far as possible working plans will contain detailed instructions 
for collecting material and conducting the investigation. The dis- 
cussion under each topic should be full and accompanied by any 
sketches or drawings which will assist in making the ideas of the 
writer clear and specific. 
Designation. 

Working plans will be given the title and number of the project 
under which they are prepared. A\Tien a working plan covers only 
a part of a proposed project, successive plans will be prepared and 
designated numerically (as Part 1, Part 2, etc.). W^ien a working 
plan is revised, the revision will be designated alphabetically, as 
Working Plan lOOrt. 
Approval. 

Unless otherwise specified in the instructions transmitting the an- 
nual program of investigative work to each unit of the Branch, all 
working plans for technical investigations will be approved by the 
director of the Forest Products Laboratory or the chief of Indus- 
trial Investigations, in accordance with the nature of the investiga- 
tion. In specific cases, designated in the instructions of the assist- 
ant forester, working plans wnll be submitted to him for approval. 

Review by of&cers and committees. 

Before any working plan is approved, the executive officer will ob- 
tain the judgment of the members of the Branch or of other branches 
who are most experienced in the kind of investigation proposed or 
otherwise best qualified to act, on the completeness of the plan, the 
choice of methods and materials to be used, the accuracy of the data 
to be obtained and any other features of the jDlan which affect the 
value of the entire investigation. At the Forest Products Labora- 
tory every working plan will be submitted to a committee of experts 
designated by the director to pass upon all plans wdthin specified 
fields of investigation. The judgment of any other members of the 
Branch wherever employed w'ho are qualified for any particular rea- 
son to pass upon certain features of the work will also be obtained. 
Working plans for projects under Industrial Investigations w411 be 
submitted to the Forest Products Laboratory for comment and 
criticism before they are approved by the chief of office. Working 
plans prepared at the Laboratory which invoh^e problems in the 
field of Industrial Investigations will be submitted to the chief of 
that office for review before they are approved. Plans which have 
a bearing upon the work of other branches will be referred to them 
for criticism and suggestions before final approval. It is essential 
that the judgment of any members of the Service whose opinion 



26 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

would be of value in a specific investigation be secured before the 
working plan is approved by the executive officer. 
Procedure with modifications. 

Modifications of approved working plans will follow the same j^ro- 
cedure as the original plan. 
Working plan outlines. 

A suggested outline for use in the preparation of working plans is 
given on pages 32 and 33 of the Appendix. 

Summary of procedure. 

The procedure followed in working plans is summarized as fol- 
lows: 

(1) Prepared and signed by a member of the Service assigned to 
conduct the project. 

(2) Initialed by district forester or other executive officer super- 
vising the work. 

(3) Reviewed by committtee of experts on work of the general 
character involved or related lines of work and by others whose judg- 
ment on the plan should be obtained. 

(4) Reviewed by executive officers of other units of the Branch or 
of other branches. 

(5) Approved by the director of the Forest Products Laboratory 
or chief of Industrial Investigations, in the case of plans within the 
respective provinces of each, or by the assistant forester in charge of 
the Branch when so directed. 

(6) Filed at: (a) Office of final approval (Fore.st Products Labo- 
ratory or Industrial Investigations) ; (h) offices executing the work. 

DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL. 

Material received for experimental purposes will be classified as 
" shipments " or '* samples." 
Shipment. 

A shipment consists of a quantity of material handled as a unit 
before reaching a station, such as consiginnents of creosote, timbers 
for testing, material for pulpwood experiments and bulky chemicals. 
A shipment may be received in one or more installments, but differ- 
ent installments must have the same general history and characteristic 
properties. Each shipment will be given a symbol consisting of a 
letter indicating the receiving station and a serial number. For 
example, the first shipment received at the Forest Products Labora- 
tory is designated " Shipment L-1 " ; the second shipment, " Ship- 
ment L-2 ", etc. 

Shipment descriptions. 

Shipments will be described in accordance with the instructions on 
pages 32 to 35 of the Appendix. The procedure in shipment descrip- 
tions is as follows : 

(1) Prepared and signed jointly by persons collecting and receiv- 
ing the material. 

(2) Filed at: (a) Laboratory or Office of Industrial Investiga- 
tions, as the case may be; (h) office or station supervising the work. 

Sample. 

Samples are relatively small quantities of material for chemical 
analysis or other technical examination. A sample may consist of a 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 27 

representative part of a shipment, of a product of experimental 
work, or other material which requires examination. Samples will 
be collected in accordance with standard instructions, described by 
the transmitting officer, and designated at the receiving station. A 
sample designation consists of a letter indicating the c-Tass in which 
it belongs and a serial number. Instructions for collecting and de- 
scribing samples are given on pages 35 and 36 of the Appendix. 

PROGRESS REPORTS. 
Nature. 

From time to time as work on a project progresses, reports on the 
results secured will be prepared. These are " progress reports ", 
bearing the title and number of the project. The procedure to be 
followed in such reports is as follows: 
Summary of procedure. 

(1) Prepared when called for by the executive officer in charge of 
the work. 

(2) Approved by the executive officer in charge. 

(3) Copies sent to offices which should be informed of its develop- 
ment. 

(4) Filed at: (a) Office supervising the work ; (h) Forest Products 
Laboratory or Office of Industrial Investigations, as the case may be. 

(5) Summary of information sent to cooperators, if a cooperative 
project. 

INSPECTION REPORTS ON DURABILITY TESTS. 

Purpose. 

In projects where material is placed in actual service to test its 
efficiency, inspections are required from time to time. Jieports on such 
inspections will be designated '' Inspection reports " (1, 2, etc.), bear- 
ing the title and number of the project. Outlines for such reports 
Avill be furnished l)y the director of the Forest Products Laboratory 
on request from the executive office in charge of any unit of the 
Branch. 

Summary of procedure. 

The procedure followed in inspection reports is as follows: 
(1) Prepared and signed by person making the inspection. 
• (2) Initialed by executive officer in charge of the work. 

(3) Approved by the director of the Laboratory. 

(4) Filed at: (a) Executive office in immediate charge of the work; 
(h) the Forest Products Laboratory; {c) other offices which should 
be kept informed of the progress of the test. 

(5) Copies sent to cooperators, if a cooperative project. 

PROJECT REPORTS. 
Nature. 

A project report is prepared at the completion of each technical 
investigation. It should contain any photographs, drawings, dia- 
grams, tables, etc.. required to present the results in the most satis- 
factory way, together with a full discussion of the w^ork from the be- 
ginning of the project to its completion. If all data obtained are not 
included in the report, it should contain a complete list of the data 
records secured. 



28 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

Summary of procedure. 

The followinor procedure will be followed in project reports: 

(1) Prepared and signed by the member of the Service conducting 
the project. 

(2) Initialed by executive officer in immediate charge of the work. 

{?)) Approved by tlie director of tlie Laboratory or chief of In- 
dustrial Investigations, and other Avork which should be done in the 
nature of further investigation, commercial demonstration, etc., indi- 
cated. 

(4) Filed at: (a) Executive office in immediate charge of the 
work; (b) Forest Products Laboratory or Office of Industrial Inves- 
tigations in projects within the respective provinces of each, includ- 
ing original drawings, tables and other data; (c) other offices or 
branches interested in the project; (d) Forest Service libraiy. 

(5) Revised coj)y sent to cooi^erators, if a cooperative project. 

GENERAL INSPECTIONS. 

Inspections of plans, commercial processes, etc., will be made when 
authorized by an executive officer. The procedure in such inspections 
is as follows: 

BY MEMBERS OF FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY. 

(1) Inspections will be made when authorized by the director. 

(2) Reports will be prepared in accordance with suggestive out- 
lines approved by the director, 

(3) Reports will be filed at : (a) The Forest Products Laboratory; 
(h) the Office of Industrial Investigations; (c) the district and Chi- 
cago offices if of value in their work. 

BY MEMBERS OF OFFICE OF INDUSTRIAL INVESTIGATIONS. 

(1) Inspections will ho made when authorized by the chief of 
office. 

(2) Reports will be prepared in accordance with outlines approved 
by the chief of Industrial Investigations, signed by the person mak- 
ing the inspection and approved by the chief of the office. 

(?>) Reports will be filed at: (a) The Office of Industrial Investi- 
gations; (h) the Forest Products Laboratory; (<?) the district and 
Chicago offices if of value in their work. 

BY MEMBERS OF DISTRICT OFFICES. 

(1) Inspection Avill be made when authorized by the district 
forester. 

(2) Suggestive outlines for inspection reports will be furnished 
on request by the director of the Forest Products Laboratory or 
chief of Industrial Investigations. 

(3) Reports will be signed by the person making the inspection 
and approved by the district forester or an assistant district forester 
to Avliom authority may he delegated by the district forester. 

(4) Reports will be filed at : (a) District office ; (h) Forest Prod- 
ucts Laboratory ; (a) Office of Industrial Investigations. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 29 

PUBLICATIONS. 
Assignments. 

Assignments for the preparation of publications will be made by 
the executive officer in charge of each unit in accordance with the ap- 
proved investigative programs and the instructions of the assistant 
forester. Authors will j^repare outlines and synopses of proposed 
manuscripts which they will submit to the executive officer in charge 
of their work for approval, and to such other units or branches as 
he may deem advisable for criticism or suggestions. 

Approval of manuscripts and addresses. 

Manuscripts prepared for publication by the department or else- 
where or for delivery at public meetings will be submitted to the 
executive officer in charge for approval before publication or delivery. 
The publication of articles will be further subject to the general 
procedure established by the Secretary or Forester. 



APPENDIX. 

PEELIMINARY REPORTS. 

Preliminary reports vary greatly in different projects, but in general are of 
two classes : 

(1) Those summarizing existing knowledge on a given subject. 

(2) Those discussing conditions at a particular plant or place at which it 
is proposed to conduct a project. 

In every case an outline for the preliminary report must be approved by the 
executive officer before an iuAestigation is begun. The following outlines are 
suggestive only, and may be modified as required for adaptation to specific 
projects. 

Form of title-page. 

United States Department of Agriculture. 

Forest Service. 

Forest Products Laboratory. 

District 

or 

Office of ITvidustrial Investigations. 

Project No. 



(Title of project.) 








PRFT.IMINARY REPORT. 

(Signed) 






(Title.) 




(Date.) 



Approved ; 



30 



(Title.) 
(Date.) 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 31 

For General Investigations. 



Title: 



Project No. 



Preliminary report. 



1. Purpose. 

a. Need of work. 

b. Anticipated results. 

2. Previous work. 

1. Forest Service. 

a. Date, place, and auspices under which work was done. (Give 

especial attention to factors influencing quality of work.) 

b. Apparatus and methods employed. 

c. Results. 

(1. Criticisms and conclusions. 

2. Other investigations. 

a. Date, place, and auspices under which work was done. (Give 

especial attention to factors influencing quality of work.) 

b. Apparatus and methods employed. 

c. Results. 

d. Criticisms and conclusions. 

3. Bibliography. 

4. Recommendations, with reasons. 
•5. Estimates. 

a. Time required. 

b. Cost. 

1. Salaries. 

2. Equipment. 

3. Material. 

For investig'ations of plants or processes. 

Project No. 

Title: 

Preliminary report. 

1. Purpose. 

a. Need of work. 

b. Anticipated results. 

2. Business organization. 

a. Name of operator and owner. 

b. Location of administrative offices. 

c. Representative dealt with. 

3. Patents, franchises, concessions. 

4. Raw materials. 

a. Kind (species, form, condition). 

b. Source. 

c. Amount. 

d. Cost f. o. b. plant. 

5. Plant. 

a. Any points of interest about its history. 

b. Layout. It is desirable to have this section of the report accompanied 

by sketches or drawings, as follows : 

1. Geueral plan of plant, showing yards, general arrangement of 
buildings, etc. 

2. Plan of plant proper, showing general arrangement of ap- 
paratus. 

6. Apparatus. (Standard equipment may be described by trade designations. 

Special equipment in handling, working, or treating wood should be de- 
scribetl in detail. Whenever possible the verbal description should be 
supplemented by sketches showing the pertinent details of the apparatus. 
In some cases information on ix>wer, light, heat, water supply, ventila- 
tion, fire protection, etc.. may also be desired.) 



J 



32 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

All processes of handling, treating, or working wood should be described in 
detail Begin with the material as received and describe successively the dif- 
ferent stages of manufacture or treatment. The description should be divided 
according to the following or some other convenient form, the cost of each step 
being discussed : 

1. Preliminary handling and treatment. 

2. Conversion process. 

3. Finishing process. 

8. Products and by-products. 

1. Kinds. 

2. Amounts. 

3. Inspection and grading. 

4. Selling prices. 

5. Uses. 

9. Waste products. 

1. Kinds. 

2. Amounts. 

3. Attempted and possible uses. 

10. Remarks and recommendations. 

11. Estimates. 

WORKING PLANS. 
Form of title-page. 

UNiTBi) States Department of AcRicuLTtrEE, 

Forest Service. 

Forest Products Laboratory. 

District 

OB 

Oefice of Industrial Investigations. 
Project No. 



(Title of project.) 



WoBKiNG Plan No. 

(Signed) 



(Title.) 
(Date.) 



Approved : 



(Title.) 



(Date.) 



Note. — If the project is conducted at a 
permanent station, put the name of the 
station on the title-page. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 33 

Outline of plan. 

Troject No Title: 

Working Plan No. 

(1) Purpose of work. 

(This paragraph should state clearly and fully just what the work is 
expected to accomplish.) 

(2) Detailed list of materials neede<l and instructions for their collection. 

(3) Detailed instructions for carrying on work. 

o. Concise statement giving the method of grouping and mai'king mate- 
rial. The system used will be standard, but just what will constitute a 
" shipment." " piece," " stick," etc.. should be clearly stated. 

b. Description of methods of testing or treating. Each chemical or 
preservative treatment or method of testing, soaking, seasoning, etc.. not 
standardized, should be brietly but fully described. Standard methods 
will be described by reference to laboratory instructions or other authori- 
ties. The character to be usetl in the " marks " of a specimen to indicate 
the treatment to which is has been subjected, should also be defined. 

c. Description of all special methods of keeping records, both before and 
after test. 

(1. Moisture and similar test determinations to be made. 
e. Photograiilis, sketches, and drawings. 
/. Final disposition of material. 

(4) Future inspection or treatment of material. 

SHIPMENT DESCRIPTIONS. 

The following terms will be used in marking and describing shipments: 

Piece. 

A piece is the first subdivision of a shipment which it is desirable to regai'd 
as a unit. It may be a log. a stringer, a strip from which small specimens 
are to be taken, a wagon axle, a bale of freight, etc. The pieces comiX)sing a 
shipment will be numbered serially. The piece number will consist of the num- 
ber of the shipment and the serial number of the piece. For example, the num- 
bers of pieces in shii)ment 10 would be 10-1, 10-2, etc. 

Stick. 

The term stick is aiqilied to specimens s<'cured from the first subdivision of 
a piece. A stick number will consist of the number of the piec-e from which 
it is cut and a serial number. For example, sticks secured from piece No. 
10-1 will be numbered 10-1-1, 10-1-2, etc. 

Mark. 

A mark consists of one or more characters si.gnifying factors which are to be 
considered in analyzing the te.st data. Arabic numerals in a mark signify that 
the specimen was secured from a stick. Letters, Roman numerals, and other 
characters may be embodied in a mark to designate methods of drying, treating, 
pcjsition in the tree, etc. when it is desirable to make a record of such factors. 

The information required on material used in experiments may be divided 
into the following general classes • 

No. 1. Field notes. 

All m.Mterial used in I'esearch work will generally be collected by a repre- 
sentative of the Forest Service, who will secure such information on its origin 
as may be indicated in the working plan. When the m.-iterial collected is 
wood, the field notes will be entered on sample form a. For material other 
than wood, the information desired will be si>ec-ified in the working plan. 
The collec-tor will classify the material collected into shipments, pieces, sticks, 
etc., in accordance with the directions contained in the working plan, and use 
these designations in the preparation of his notes. Unless the collector is ab- 
solutely sure of the identity of the specimens he should not make collections. 



34 



THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 



Form for field notes. 

Sample form (i. 

United States Department of Agriculture. 

Forest Service. 

Project No. Shipment 

Shipment (Icscviptions — Field notes. 

Tree number ; Species 

Locality cut: State ; County ; Township ; Date 

cut ; Slope ; Absolute elevation ; Aspect ; 

Uuclevgrowth ; Soil ; Height ; Seeding or 

sprout ; Crown ; D. B. H ; Age ; 

Stem ; Date sawed ; How and when transiwrted from 

woods 



List of specimens saivcd. 



Log. No. 
















































































Remarks : 





No. 2. Notes on Manufacturing and Shipping. 

The notes on manufacture and shipment called for in sample form J), which is 
appended, will also be made by the collector of the material. 

As soon as the material is shipped, the collector will forward by registered 
mail duplicate copies of his notes entered on sample forms a and b to the man 
In charge of the station to which the material is shipped. 

Forai for notes on manufacturing and shipping. 



Sample form b. 



United States Department of Agriculture. 



Forest Service. 



Project No. 



Shii>inent 



shipment description. 
Notes on, manvfactunng and shipping. 
Bill of material composing shipment 



Cut in: State ; County ; Township ; Manufac- 
tured at ; Date ; Shipped via ; 

(Date.) (Routing.) 

In ; Origin and history 

( Kind and number of car. ) 



Condition when shipped. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 35 

No. 3. Notes on condition and disposition of material when received at 

destination. 

These notes will be entered I).y the mnn hi charge of the station on sample 
form c. lie will then transmit to the executive officer in charge a coi)y of these 
notes, as well as a copy of the notes transmitted to him by the collector of the 
material. Sample form c is as follows: 

rorni for notes at receiving station. 

Sample form c. 

United States Department of Agriculture. 

Forest Service. 
Project No. Shipment 



SHIPMENT description. 

Notes on coinlifion and (lispo.sitioii of ))iatcri(il when received at destination. 

Received at Date 

(Name of Station.) 
Condition when received _ 

How stored 



Records : 

Corresiwndence 

Photograiths 

Care in descriptions essential. 

The interpi'etation of exi)erimental data very often depends upon an accurate 
knowledge of the material used in the experiments, and no effort should be 
spared in making shipment descriptions as accurate and complete as possible. 

DESCRIPTION OF SAMPLES. 

Specimens for Laboratory collection. 

The Forest Products I^aboratory is building up a collection of authentic 
specimens of (1) crude or raw materials. (2) intermediate products forming a 
series which illustrate processes of manufacture, and (3) final products as put 
on the market. Specimens are particularly desired of: 

(1) Woods which have been identirted botanically. Wlienever possible, these 
specimens should be taken from average merchantable trees and should include 
both pith and bark in one piece. A section 1 foot or more in length is desir- 
able, but smaller pieces are acceptable. 

(2) Samples of wood which have been subjected to different processes. It 
is desirable to have a description of the processes to which the wood has been 
subjected, as well as samples of the material used in its treatment. 

(3) Samples of materials used in treating wood. 

(4) Wood distillation i)roducts. 

(5) Pulp, paper, and other fiber products. 

In classes 3, 4. and 5 a description of the process used in manufacturing 
the products should in all cases accompany the samples. 

(G) Samples of fungous growth causing decay. A veiy complete description 
should accompany such specimens, as otherwise they are of little value. 

(7) Any rare, uncommon, or especially interesting samples of growth or 
changed physical structure of wood. 

Description of Laboratory specimens. 

The <'ollector of any sample will fully describe it on sample form d. which is 
appended, and transmit the description with the sami»le to the director of the 
Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wis. The shipping tag on the sample will 
in all cases bear the name of the sender and the i)oint and date of shipment. 

On receipt at tlie Laboratory the sample will be given a number, entered on 
the sample form d transmitted by the collector. Reports on samples submitted 
for examination will bear the sample number and be filed with the sample de- 
scription. All samples or specimens put into the permanent collection will bear 
the sample number. 



36 THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 

Forms for describing samples. 
Sample form d. 

United States Department of Agriculture. 

Forest Service. 
Project No. Sample No. 

sample description. 

Class 

Name of material 

History of sample : 

Growth conditions 

((Jive features in detail.^) 

Manufacturing conditions 

(Including short description of process. i) 

How obtained 

(In detail. If a portion of a shipment give the shipment number.) 



By whom seut- 



Date sent 

How shipped 
Remarks . 



(Name and address. 



Conditions at Laboratory : 

Date of arrival Station. 

Condition in which received 

Marks and labels 



(Date on the package. 



How stored 

Tested under I'roject No.. 
Why sent 



Work to be done 

Disposal of unused portions- 



Records : 

Correspondence . 



(With dates.) 



Photosraphs 

Reports submitted 

(To whom, date, title, number of copies required.) 



File- 



1 In case space is not sufficient, use sample form a or sample form 6 of Shipment De- 
scription. 

FORM OF COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT. 



Project No. 
Title 



Unitfj) States Department of Agriculture. 

Forest Service. 

Cooperative agreement for investigations in forest products. 

Between , of , 

(Name or cooperator.) (Oity and State.) 

party of the first jjart. and the Forester, Forest Service, United States Depart- 
ment of Agriculture, party of the second part. 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 37 

Whereas the parties hereto desire to cooperate in couducting investigations 
(State purpose aud character of the Investigations.) 

Now, Therefore, This Agreement Witnesseth : 

First. The party of the first part, for and in consideration of the promises 
aud agreements of the pisrty of tlie second part, as hereinafter contained, does 
liereby promise and agree as follows: 

(1) To pay to the Chief, Office of Accounts, Forest Service, Washington, 

D. C to be placed to the credit of the United States, the sum of 

xw dollars ($ ) 

(Terms of payment, by specified dates, per month, year, etc. When periodic payments 
are to be made, add " during the period that this agreement and all renewals thereof re- 
main in force." When an additional cash deposit is required to insure the carrying out 

of the agreement, add " -tot (•? • of which amount will be refunded by the 

Forester upon the satisfactory completion of my (or our) obligation.'? assumed here- 
under.") 

(2) To furnish without charge to the Forest Service the following timber, 
materials, apparatus, aud labor, to be used in conducting said investigations : 



(3) To report, when requested by the Forest Service, ui)on the api)lication of 
the results attained in said inve,stigations. 

(4) To permit or require no laborer or mechanic employed on any work 
contemplated by this agreement to work more than eight hours in any one 
calendar day upt)n such work; if any laborer or mechanic is required or per- 
mittetl to work more than eight hours as aforesaid, then to pay to the United 
States a penalty of five dollars ($5.00) for each laborer or mechanic for every 
calendar day in wliich such laborer or mechanic is required or permitted to 
labor more than eight hours upon the work contemplated by this agreement, ac- 
cording to the provisions of the Act of Congress approved June 19, 1912. 

(Insert any additional obligations assumed by the cooperator.) 



(5) Thai all moneys paid under this agreement will, upon failure on his (or 
their) part to fulfill all and singular the conditions and requirements herein 
set forth or made a part hereof, be retained by the United States, to be applied 
as far as may be to the satisfaction of his (or their) obligations assumed 
hereunder. 

To deliver herewith, as a guarantee of faithful performance of the promises 

and agreements contained herein, a bond in the sum of yists dollars 

($-—). 

Second. The party of the second part, for aud in consideration of the prom- 
ises and agreements of the party of the first part, well and faithfully executed, 
does hereby promise and agree as follows : 



(1) To 



( Insert brief description of tests to be made or other obligations assumed 
by Forest Service. ) 



(2) To report to the party of the first part 

(Monthly, bimonthly, etc.) 

the progress of the investigations conducted hereunder, and at the termination 
of said investigations to make a final and complete report on the results ob- 
tained, together with I'econuueiidations. 

(3) To pay any expense incurred by the party of the second part in conduct- 
ing said investigations from the cooperative fund deposited with the United 
States for investigations in forest products. (Or "from the appropriation by 
Congress for 'General expenses, Forest Service,' 191 — , Forest Products.") 



38 THE NATIONAL FOKEST MANUAL. 

Third. II is mutually luiderstood and agreed by and between the parties 
hereto as follows : 

(1) That this agreement shall take effect on the day it is executed by the 
party of the second part and shall expire on the thirtieth day of June, one 

thousand nine hundred and , but the same shall be subject to renewal 

thereafter from year to year, by mutual consent of the parties hereto, which 
renewal must be expressed in writing by said parties at least 15 days prior to 
the date of expiration. 

(2) That the party of the second i>art shall have unrestricted right to pub- 
lish and vlistribnte the results obtained from said investigations in advance of 
their publication by the party of the tirst part. 

(3) That all 

(Apparatus, implonipnts, materials, etc.) 

furnished by the party of the first pai't 



and not consumed will remain the property of said party when said investiga- 
tions are terminated. All machines, implements, and materials furnished by 
the Forest Service, and all specimens, samples, models, plans, drawings, nega- 
tives, and notes or manuscriiits which have resulted from the investigations 
conducted hereunder and which may be desired by the party of the second part 
for record or publication will be retained by said party of the second part. 

(4) That this agreement may be terminated at any time by either party 

hereto by giving written notice to the 

(Specify number of da.vs or months.) 
other of such intention. 

(5) That the decision of the Secretary of Agriculture will be final in the 
interpretation of the conditions and requirements of this agreement. 

(C)) That this agreement shall not be assigned in whole or in part; that no 
Member of or Delegate to Congress or Kesident Conunissioner. after his elec- 
tion or appointment and either before or after he has rpialitied and during his 
continuance in office, and no officer, agent, or employee of the Government shall 
be admitted to any share or part of this contract or agreement, or to any benefit 
to arise thereupon, and that no convict labor shall be employed in carrying out 
the terms of this agreement, in accordance with Executive order signed May 18, 
1905. Nothing, howevei", herein contained shall be construed to extend to any 
incorporated company where such contract or agreement is made for the general 
benefit of such incorjioration or company. (Sec. 3741, Revised Statutes, and 
sees. 114-316, act of Mar. 4, 1909.) 

In Witness Whereof the said party of the first part has hereunto signed his 

name on this the day of , 19 , and the said party of 

the second part has hereunto set his hand on the date below written. 

Witnesses : 

(Name.) 



(Title.) 
Party of the first part. 



Signed bv the party of the second part this day of 

19 



Forester, 
Party of the second part. 



In agreements approved by District Forester substitute " District Forester, 

District No. ," for "Forester" in first clause and thereafter "District 

Forester." Similarly in agreements approved by the Director of the Labora- 
tory use " Director, Forest Products Laboratory " and " Director." 



INSTRUCTIONS RELATING TO FOREST PRODUCTS. 39 

In agreements approved by the Secretary, nse " Secretary United States De- 
partment of Agriculture" in the first clause and thereafter " Secretary." 

Explanation of Agreement Form. 

The foregoing form can be used in all kinds of cooperative agreements by 
omitting clauses or phraseology inapi)licable and inserting, in the blanks indi- 
cated, special clauses required for a particular project. 

Deposits. 

All deposits under cooperative agreements will lie made with the Chief, 
Ofhce of Accounts. Washington. D. C. Allotments to the unit of the Branch 
conducting the work will be made in the regular manner, on green slips initiated 
by such unit and approved by the Assistant Forester in Charge of the Branch. 

Guarantee on part of cooperator. 

A special guaranty that the cooperator will fulfill the obligations assumed by 
him may be required in the form of: 

(1) An additional cash deposit, to be refunded on the satisfactory comple- 
tion of the agreement ; or 

(2) A bond. 

In the first instance, a provision for refunding such deposit will be inserted 
in Clause (1). Part One. and the first part of Clause (5). Part One. will be used. 
In the second instance, the second part of Clause (5), Part One, will be used. 
Bonds should be prepared on Form 377. 

Such guaranties will be required only in exceptional eases when necessary to 
protect the Forest Service from serious loss due to failure on the part of the 
cooperator to fulfill the obligations assumed under the agreement. 

Termination. 

All agreements terminate automatically at the end of the current fiscal year, 
but may be renewed, year by year, by mutual consent. (Clause (1), Part 
Three). Termination at other times may be provideil for. if desirable in any 
specific case, by the use of Clause (4), Part Three. The use of this clause and 
the ])eriod of advance notice required will be optional with the executive officer 
in charge of the project. The Forest Service will, however, resort to termina- 
tion under this clause only in exceptional cases where the spirit or terms of the 
agreement have been seriously violated by the cooperator. 

STATION REPORTS. 

Men in charge of stations will be responsible for the preparation of Station 
Reports. 

A record of materials on hand at the end of each month and of experimental 
materials used or treated during the month will be entered on the form 
"Material Received and Tested," and transmitted as a part of the Station 
Report. 

A statement of all expenses incurred at the station will be entered on the 
form, " Financial Reiwrt." 

The body of the report will discuss the work done, treating each project 
separately. 

The information contained in station reports will furnish the basis for 
reports to cooperators in investigations conducted at the station. Reports to 
cooperators will be seat direct by the executive officer in charge of the unit 
conducting the project. 

Station Report Forms. 

Monthly Report. 

Namo of Station. 

1 Progress of work during month. 

(Under this head each project should be discussed separately. Projects 
should be described by number and title.) 
2. Material received and tested during month. 



40 



THE NATIONAL FOREST MANUAL. 



4. 



Financial statement. 

(If the expenditures cover more than one project, apportionment will be 
made and ehar^efl in the report to the proper project. For exami)le, if 
A received a salary of $11)0 per month and worked for half a month on 
Project No. 10 and the other half of the month on Project No. 30. $50 will be 
charged to I'roject No. 10 and a similar amount to Project No. 30. The 
same method of apportioning the expenses will hold for other items. 
Under the column headed " Remarks " will be given such statements as 
labor emplo.ved and charged on Form A or Form 4 or particular apparatus 
purchased or express and freight bills paid.) 

General remarks and recommendations. 

(This section should be devoted to a discussion of tlie effectiveness of 
working plans and recommended changes in them. Other matters of general 
interest should also be mentioned.) 



Material Received and Tested. 



Station. Date, 



to 



Material on hand. 


Material tested or treated. 


Kind of 
material. 


Shipment 
number. 


Amount.' 


Condition. 


■ Kind of 
material. 


Shipment 
number. 


Amoimt.i 


Remarlis. 


















































































(Signed) 






In Charge of Station. 













1 May be in gallons, pounds, "pieces," "sticks," etc. State specifleally. 

Financial Report. 



Station, Date, 



to 



Name. 


Project No. 


Expenditures. 


Balance, 
L. A. 


Remarks. 


Form A. 


Form 4. 


T. R. 


Salary. 


Total. 





























































































Approved : 

In Charge of Station. 



INDEX. 

Page. 

Addresses, approval of. before delivery 29 

Administrative assistants, P"'orest Products Laboratory 6 

control 14 

action by assistant forester 14 

Branch units 14 

head of Branch 5 

investigations 22 

in district offices 11 

relation to technical investigations 22 

under control of district forester 22 

Advice exchanged by Laboratory and district offices 12 

Advisory board. Forest Products Laboratory 7 

Agreements. Sec Cooi)erative agreements. 

Allotments, action to be taken by assistant forester 14 

Annual investigative itrogram, incorporation of technical investigations iu_ 24 
Annual reports. Sec Reports. 

Appendix 30 

Articles, patented or proprietary, investigation of 20 

Assignments for preparation of publications 29 

of Laboratory staff to district offices 11 

Board, advisory. Forest Pi'oducts Laboratory 7 

Branch units, administrative action by 14 

Commercial interests, publication of results affecting 21 

plants, cooperation in construction of 19 

inspection of 19 

Committees, Forest Protlucts Laboratory 6 

Compilation of data obtained from outside sources 21 

Conferences between chief of Industrial Investigations and district offices. 12 

Conferences between director of Laboratory and district offices 12 

Confidential information 21 

Cooperation 18 

policy 18 

check of experimental results on commercial scale 



necessary- 



18 



furnishing material 19 

in construction of commercial plants 19 

inspection of plants or processes 19 

repeated cooperation covering same ground 18 

salary and expenses of forest officers 19 

procedure 19 

agreements 1*-) 

approval 20 

authorization 20 

summary 20 

when in writing 19 

Cooperative agreements, approval 20 

deposits 39 

form 36 

explanation of 39 

guarantee by cooiierator 39 

preparation to be authorized 20 

summary of procedure 20 

termination 39 

when acted upon by assistant forestei* 14 

when in writing 19 

41 



42 INDEX. 

Page. 

Correlation between different units of Branch 10 

Correspondence 15 

general 35 

carbons for other units 15 

outside of districts 15 

within districts 15 

how filed 38 

Industrial Investigations 15 

Laboratory 15 

I'equests for information 15 

procedure 15 

where referred 15 

station 16 

copies of Service correspondence 16 

with outside parties 16 

Costs of details, apiwrtiounient of 13 

testing materials, apportionment of 13 

Deposits under cooperative agreements 39 

Description of material received for experiments 26 

samples 35 

shipments 26,33 

Designs and prints, disi>osal of 21 

Details, action to be taken by assistant forester 14 

from Laboratory or Industrial Investigations to districts, costs of_ 13 

Direction of technical work. Forest Products Laboratory 6 

District ofhces, administrative investigations by 22 

and Laboratory 11 

administrative investigations 11 

conferences 12 

current information and advice 12 

special assignments of Laboratory staff 11 

technical investigations 11 

tests of field material 11 

and. Industrial Investigations 12 

conferences 12 

tests of material 12 

working plans 12 

annual reports 17 

costs of details from Laboratory or Industrial Investiga- 
tions 13 

insptM^'tions by members of 28 

monthly rei>orts 16 

National Forest utilization investigations 7 

Products experts in 7 

Divisions of Rr;inch 5 

Durability tests, inspection reports on 27 

procedure 27 

purpose 27 

Eastern Forests, duties of Office of Industrial Investigations on 10 

"Executive officer" defined 10 

Field notes 33 

form for 34 

Field of Branch work 5 

Laboratory work 7 

Industrial Investigations work 10 

National Forest utilization work 8 

Files 17 

filing schemes 18 

general classification 17 

correspondence 18 

information 17 

project records 17 

test records 17 

matters of general I'outine 18 

Financial report, station 40 

Forest Products Laboratory. IScc Laboratory. 



INDEX. 43 

Page. 

Forest supervisors, duties of 9 

Form, cooperative agreement 36 

for describiug samples 36 

field notes 34 

notes at receiving station 35 

on manufacturing and shipping 34 

station financial report 40 

monthly report 39 

report on material received and tested 40 

title-page of preliminary report 30 

working plan 32 

Guarantee on part of cooperator 39 

Improvements, National Forest, preservative treatment of material 

used in 9 

Industrial Investigations (Office of) 9 

and Laboratory 13 

information 13 

special tests 13 

working plans 13 

correspondence 15 

costs of details to district offices 13 

duties on eastern E^orests 30 

field of work 10 

in district offices 12 

inspections by members of 28 

monthly reports 17 

organization , 9 

pur])ose , 9 

Information, classified, to be filed 17 

confidential 21 

exchanged by Laboratory and district offices 12 

furnished Laboratory by Industrial Investigations 13 

Inspections, general 28 

by members of district offices 28 

Industrial Investigations 28 

Laboratory 28 

Investigations, administrative, in district offices 11, 22 

Forest I'roducts Laboratory 7 

general, outline of preliminary report 31 

industrial 9 

in district offices 12 

kinds 22 

National Forest utilization 7 

of patented or proprietary articles, 20 

of plants or processes, outline for 31 

technical 23 

in district offices 11 

Laboratory 6 

administrative assistants 6 

advisory board 7 

annual rejiorts ^ 17 

committees 6 

compilation and publication of data from outside sources 21 

correspondence 15 

costs of details to district offices 13 

current information and advice to district offices 12 

direction of technical work 6 

district offices and 11 

field of work 7 

Industrial Investigations and 13 

inspections by members of 28 

monthly reports 16 

organization 6 

purpose 6 

sections 6 

staff, assignment of members to district offices 11 



44 INDEX. 

Page. 

M;iniif;iotnrers, tests by, of material from district foresters 12 

Manufacturing, notes on 34 

Manuscripts and addresses, approval of 29 

of publications, action on, by assistant forester 14 

"Mark," shipment description, defined 33 

Material, notes on, at receiving station 35 

patented or proprietary, investigation of 20 

received and tested, station report of 40 

description of 26 

sent Laboratory by districts for testing 11 

Industrial Investigations for tests by manufacturers 12 

to be furnished by cooperator when practicable 19 

Monthly reports. See Reports. 

National Forest utilization, ^cc Utilization. 

Notes, field 34 

on manufacturing and shipping 34 

on material at receiving station 35 

Office of Industrial Investigations 9 

and district offices 12 

OfBcer. Sec Executive officer. 

Organization 5 

administrati\e head 5 

divisions 5 

Poorest Products Laboratory 6 

National I^'orest Utilization 8 

Office of Industrial Investigations 9 

Outline for preliminary report 31 

working plan 33 

Patented articles, materials, or processes, investigation of 20 

Personnel, action to be taken by assistant forester 14 

"Piece," shipment description, defined __ 33 

Plans. Sec also Working plans. 

of work, actions to be taken by assistant forester 14 

Plants or processes, outline for investigation of 31 

Policy, action on questions of. by assistant forester 14 

compilation of data from outside sources in Laboratory publica- 
tions 21 

confidential information 21 

disposal of prints and designs 21 

in cooperation 18 

investigation of patented or proprietary articles 20 

publication of data affecting commercial interests 21 

Preliminary reports, classified 30 

for general investigations 31 

for investigations of plants or processes 31 

form of title-page 30 

technical investigations, 24 

procedure 24 

purpose 24 

Preservative treatment of National Forest improvement material 9 

Principles governing technical investigations 23 

Prints and designs, disposal of 21 

Procedure. See also Routine procedure, and technical procedui'e. 

in cooperation 19 

handling correspondence 15 

inspection reports on durability tests 27 

modifying approved working plans 26 

preliminary investigations 24 

progress reports 27 

pro.iect reports 28 

working plans 26 

Processes, commercial, inspection of 19 

investigation of patented or proprietary 20 

outline for investigation of 31 

Products Laboratory. See Laboratory. 



INDEX. 45 

Page. 

Progress reports, 27 

nature 27 

procerlnre 27 

Project records to be filed 17 

reports, 27 

nature 27 

procedure . 28 

Projects, defined 28 

designation of 23 

steps in 23 

Proprietary articles, materials, or processes, investigation of 20 

names, use of 21 

Publication, approval of manuscripts and addresses before 29 

of data affecting commercial interests 21 

obtained from outside sources 21 

Publications, action on manuscripts of, by assistant forester 14 

assignments for [H'eparation of 29 

Purpose and organization of the Branch 5 

P^'orest Products Laboi-atory 6 

National Forest utilization investigations 7 

Industrial Investigations 9 

Records. *S'ec Files. 

Remuneration by cooperator of costs to Service 19 

Reports, action on. by assistant forester 14 

annual 17 

district offices 1 17 

Laboratory 17 

financial, station 40 

inspection, on durability tests 27 

monthly 16 

district offices 16 

Industrial Investigations 17 

Laboratory 16 

station 16. 39 

preliminary 30 

progress 27 

project 27 

Review of Industrial Investigations and Laboratory working plans 13 

proposed technical investigations 24 

working plans by officers and committees 25 

Routine procedure, administrative control 14 

action by assistant forester 14 

Branch units 14 

annual reports 17 

district offices 17 

Laboratory 17 

correspondence 15 

general 15 

Industrial Investigations 15 

Laboratory 15 

requests for information 15 

station 16 

files 17 

filing schemes 18 

general classification 17 

matters of general routine 18 

monthly reports 16 

district offices 16 

Industrial Investigations 17 

Lab(n-atory 16 

station 16 

Samples, defined 26 

description of 35 

for Laboratory collection 35 

fonu for 36 

Scientific work of Branch, direction of . 6 



46 INDEX. 

Page. 

Scope of Branch work 5 

Industrial Investigations work 10 

Laboratory work 7 

National Forest utilization work 8 

working jilans for technical investigations 25 

Sections, Laboratory 6 

►Shipment, detine<l 26 

descriptions 26, 33 

care essential 35 

tield notes 33 

form for 34 

"mark" defined 33 

notes at receiving station 35 

fiu'm for 35 

notes on manufacturing and shipping 34 

form for 34 

"piece," defined 33 

" stick," defined 33 

Ship])ing, notes on 34 

Specimens for laboratory collection, description t)f 35 

Station, correspondence 16 

reports, financial 40 

ni(»nthly 16, 39 

form of -1 39 

on material received and tested 40 

Stations 10 

" Stick," shipment description, defined 33 

Studies. See Investigations. 

Supervisors, duties of 9 

Technical investigations 23 

description of material received : 26 

fundamental principles governing 23 

incorporation in annual investigative program__ 24 

in district otfices 11 

inspection reports on durability tests 27 

preliminary 24 

progress reports 27 

project reports 27 

projects 23 

working plans 25 

procedure 22 

administrative investigations 22 

general inspections 28 

inspection reiiorts on durability tests 27 

kinds of investigations 22 

publications 29 

technical investigations 23 

work of Branch, direction of 6 

Termination of cooperative agreements 39 

Test costs, apportionment of 13 

records to be filed 17 

Tests by Laboratory of material from district foresters 11 

Industrial Investigations 13 

manufacturers of material from district foresters 12 

Title-page form for ]>reliniinary report 30 

working plan 32 

Utilization, National Forest 7 

aim of investigations 8 

duties of supervisors 9 

tield of work 8 

how investigated 7 

organization 8 

preservative treatment of materials usetl in 

improvements 9 

purpose 7 



INDEX. 47 

Page. 

Work of Braneli. actions on plans of. by assistant forester 14 

preference to National Forest ])rol)lenis 5 

scope of ^ 5 

Laboratory 7 

Working plans, approval 25 

desi.unatiou 25 

for Industrial Investigations, reviewed by Laboratory 13 

for statistical and industrial studies in district offices 12 

for technical investigations in districts 11 

form of title-page 32 

imiK)rtance 25 

outline 33 

procedure 26 

with modifications 26 

review by officers and committees 25 

scope 25 

o 



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